Psychrometric Chart 2-Condition Calculator

Units
Entering air
Leaving air

How to use it

Review the methodology below the calculator to make sure it aligns with your project's requirements, then:

  1. Select Metric or US units.
  2. For the entering air and the leaving air, choose under Given which pair of properties you know: dry bulb and wet bulb, dry bulb and relative humidity, dry bulb and dew point, or dew point and relative humidity. The two can differ, for example an RH entering and a dew point leaving.
  3. Enter the two values for each.
  4. Enter the air flow rate (at the entering air) to calculate the total, sensible and latent cooling, the sensible heat ratio, the condensate generated and the airflow per ton.
  5. Enter the project's altitude.
  6. The results update as you type.
  7. Or work from the chart in the results. It plots the entering air (solid dot) and the leaving air (open dot) with the process between them. Choose under the chart whether a click sets the entering or the leaving air, then click or tap a point to enter it. Moving the pointer over the chart reads out the wet bulb, dew point, humidity ratio, enthalpy and specific volume at that point.

Results

Enter the dry bulb.

Click or tap the chart to enter that dry bulb and humidity for the air chosen below.

A click sets the
  • Entering air
  • Leaving air
  • Relative humidity, %
  • Wet bulb, °F
  • Enthalpy, Btu/lb
  • Specific volume, ft³/lb
Drawn for sea level. About this chart The dew point is the dry bulb where a level line from either state meets the saturation curve.

Uses the ASHRAE Fundamentals ch. 1 equations directly, solved iteratively (no chart reading or simplified fits).

Step-by-step guide: Effect of ERV on AC Run Time

For a single condition, use our psychrometric chart calculator.

Methodology:

The following formulas are used in this calculator. They have been adapted from the 2021 ASHRAE Handbook -Fundamentals.

p = 14.696 (1-6.8754 x 10^(-6)Z)^5.2559

t = 59 - 0.00356620Z

Saturation pressure p,ws uses the Hyland-Wexler equations (ASHRAE Handbook—Fundamentals ch. 1, equations 5 and 6); see "How the calculator solves" below.

W = Mw / Mda

RH% = (p,w / p,s) × 100

v = 0.370486 (t,db + 459.67)(1 + 1.607858 W) / p

h = 0.240 t + W(1061 + 0.444t)

p,w = p x W / (0.621945 + W )

where

h = specific enthalpy [Btu/lb,da]

p = barometric pressure [psia]

p,w = water vapor partial pressure [psia]

p,s = saturation water vapor pressure [psia]

p,ws = saturation pressure [psia]

t = temperature [°F]

T,d = dew point temperature [°F]

t,db = dry bulb temperature [°F]

t,wb = wet bulb temperature [°F]

v = specific volume [ft^3/lb,da]

W = humidity ratio [lb,w / lb,da]

Z = Altitude [ft]

How the calculator solves

Every property uses the 2021 ASHRAE Handbook—Fundamentals ch. 1 equations directly, solved iteratively (no chart reading or simplified fits). Saturation pressure uses the Hyland-Wexler equations (5 and 6), over ice below 32 °F and over water above. Humidity ratio comes from the wet bulb by equation 35 (or 37 when the wet bulb is below freezing), or directly from the vapor pressure when the RH or the dew point is given. Dew point and wet bulb are solved iteratively: the dew point starts from ASHRAE's equation 39 or 40 and is refined by Newton's method until it matches the saturation pressure, and the wet bulb is solved from equation 35 or 37 the same way. Altitude sets the atmospheric pressure by equation 3. The 2025 Handbook replaces the Hyland-Wexler saturation pressure with the IAPWS formulations (IAPWS-IF97 over water, IAPWS 2008 over ice); from −20 to 150 °F the two agree within 0.03 %, below the precision of most results shown.

Cooling loads

The loads use the ASHRAE Handbook—Fundamentals ch. 1 psychrometric equations ("Moist Air Cooling and Dehumidification"), rather than the standard-air factors 1.08 and 0.68, so they follow the actual density of the air at its temperature, humidity and altitude. The coil selection calculator uses the same method, so the two agree.

m = CFM x 60 / v_enter (lb of dry air per hour; the airflow is at the entering air)

Total: Q_t = m x [(h_enter - h_leave) - (W_enter - W_leave) x (t_leave - 32)], the last term being the heat carried off by the condensate, which leaves at the leaving dry bulb

Sensible: Q_s = m x (0.240 + 0.444 W_leave) x (t_enter - t_leave)

Latent: Q_L = Q_t - Q_s; sensible heat ratio = Q_s / Q_t; airflow per ton = CFM / (Q_t / 12,000)

Condensate: m x (W_enter - W_leave), in pints per day at 1.04 lb per pint, as the condensate calculator.

For example, 1,000 cfm cooled from 80 °F dry bulb, 67 °F wet bulb to 55 °F dry bulb, 54 °F wet bulb at sea level gives 38,212 Btu/h total: 26,409 sensible and 11,803 latent. The standard-air shortcuts give about 2 to 5 % more (39,080 Btu/h by 1.08 and 0.68, 39,954 by 4.5 and the enthalpy difference), because 80 °F air is lighter than standard air.

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